Tanzania

International Fair, Tanzania

Karina Gamboa:

Water problem

This dependency culture was identified as a real problem. An experimenting group expended five months carrying out field research in a wáter Project run by “concern world wide” around the river Mbuo in Mtwara, the most southern district of Tanzania.

Background 

The setting of the Project is in a part of Tanzania where there is a lot of water on the surface. Even during the dry season, people can always find wáter of some kind if they spend enough time. But usually it isn´t clean.

Less than 29% of the rural tanzanian population have access to clean and potable water (the others are forced to use polluted water) leading to disease. Water borne diseases include those transmitted by faecal-oral.

Project and solution

When concern decided to start the project, it chose to disrepair of the system cover eight villages with populations of about 2000 people each. When it was repair, all requiring in the long term, high maintenance and joint managment by all villages involved

Effects 

New legislation will soon stop the local goverment from paying the electricity bill for the Project; the Sum is not that big and the villages should be able to find Money between then but it requieren cooperation. This may have an effect sustainability.There will be increased participation of the prívate sector in the delivery of godos and services. Integrated wáter supply, higiene and sanitation education.

Raymaris Pinto:

Corruption

Introduction:

After Tanzania´s independence from Britain in 1961 it became a socialist country under Julius Nyerere (1922-1999). In 1992 the country went from a single-party system to a multi-party system with its first election in 1995. Although on paper Tanzania has become a multi-party system, so far no candidates has showcased any chance of winning the election in they were not a member of the former socialist party “Chama Cha Mapinduzi” (CCM). The CCM has a strong electoral influence at the base especially in rural areas. Since the development of the multi-party system, Tanzania´s fight against corruption has been strongly linked with the election of strong leaders with the commitment to fight corruption.

Corruption and the driver of change:

     In Tanzania there are two main forms of corruption, petty corruption which is mainly associated with small bribes and big corruption, which mostly involved large sums of money where mostly high political figures are involved. As I mentioned previously, the fight against corruption in Tanzania is associated with the involvement of the President as an important player. The President has been identified as the main agent of change. However, a strong emphasis on civil society and media are also important and should be encourage. Although, so far the have played a lesser role in the reduction of corruption these actors remain an important influence.  

Recommendations:

      It is necessary to encourage grater media and civil society participation in ensuring that the government in holding up its commitment to fight against corruption.  Also, I think the International Community should provide monetary and technical assistance and build a stronger monitoring system.  

Malieg Goitia:

                                    Tanzania’s long battle with HIV-AIDS

The HIV epidemic is one of the worst problems that face Tanzania. Nowadays, HIV-AIDS still poses a major threat to the national development and has been declared a national disaster affecting Tanzania's society economically, politically and culturally. Also, Its impact causes suffering among individuals, families and communities across the country, so the government has made enormous progress in combating this critical problem though care and treatment services.

According to the data from Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey (THMIS) 2011 - 2012, the total population afected by HIV-AIDS (between 15 and 49 years of age) was 5.1 %.

 The data shows more women (6.2%) are infected than men (3.8%). 
Compared with the data of 2007-08 there has been a slight decrease from 5.7% to 5.1%.

Tanzania began to provide care and treatment services including the provision of anti-retroviral drugs (ARVs) in October 2004. The target for the first year was to cover 44,000 patients on ARVs. 96 care and treatment providing facilities were selected to begin the services. They included;

4 referral hospitals (Muhimbili, KCMC, Bugando and Mbeya) private and faith based organization hospitals. During that period, the national guidelines for management of HIV/AIDS in Tanzania and other programme management tools were developed.

By December 2005, a total number of 23,951 patients were on Anti-retroviral Therapy (ART).

Solutions

Treatment and care Programs

The Tanzania’s Government has been doing a great job to faced the HIV-AIDS epidemic thought a National Plan started in 2004, so this support must be maintein and improve in order to garantee treatment and care for people afected to avoid deaths for HIV-AIDS.

Prevention and Health Public Education

Prevention campaings and programs can help in combating HIV-AIDS, specially in young people. This is a way to make young people awake about sexual relations risks and unprotected sex consequences.

On the other hand, Health Public Education can achieved people accept their condition and know what they could do and where they could go to received treatment. Doctors in Tanzania says people have to learn they can live with AIDS and they have to understand that it is possible to control AIDS easier than diabetes.

 

Tahimar Borrero:

Desertification and land degradation on Tanzania 

The GDP per capita is $608,5 but in Tanzania about 40% of its population lives below the basic needs. The principal economic activity of It is the agriculture, because is the backbone of the economy contributing 48% to the GDP and employing about 80% of the population.

The land degradation is reducing the productivity of soils in many parts of Tanzania, and that is because to many factors contribute to land degradation. These include, among others, inappropriate cultivation techniques; a growing population; growing energy requirements; over stocking; and insecure land tenure. The expansion of agriculture has often taken the form of shifting cultivation which is detrimental to vegetation. Traditionally, farmers in Tanzania practice shifting cultivation or "slash and burn" agriculture. This practice does not allow sufficient time for revegetation and recovery of soil fertility. As a result, large tracts of land have lost their vegetation cover and are exposed to further degradation through soil erosion, or infestation by weeds, pests, and diseases

The Solution is organize the farmer through government into institutions according whit their traditions and they can learn to manage the natural resources and promote a better and more sustainable environment.